For a better understanding of certain basic concepts when adjusting wheels, these illustrations are given.
Toe-in: In the Audi 100, the front of the wheels are somewhat closer together at rest in front than at the rear. In these cases they say: convergence «positive». The friction between the wheel and the road pushes the left wheel to the left and the right wheel to the right. This is compensated for by the forces generated in the front drive, tending to compress the front wheels in front. When the car enters a turn, the positive toe-in turns into a negative toe-in (discrepancy) wheels. This is due to the trapezoidal arrangement of the steering rods: the inner wheel in turn leans more than the outer one. This is necessary because when turning, the inner wheels describe a narrower circle than the outer ones.
Camber: this is what they call a slight inward tilt of the front wheels - in the Audi-100 in the wheel arch at the top they are closer to each other than at the bottom, this is called «negative camber».
Kingpin lateral tilt: it refers to camber. The transverse inclination of the kingpin is a slight inclination of the rotary axis, around which, when steering, the entire rack rotates. The two rotary axes are closer together at the top than at the bottom. The camber and lateral inclination of the kingpin additionally prevent vibration of the wheels and make them easier to turn.
Longitudinal inclination of the king pin backwards: This refers to the inclined position of the steering axle in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It also helps to stabilize straight line coasting and prevent wheel vibration. In addition, thanks to the longitudinal inclination, the steering returns after turns.
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