Launch
The vacuum created by the engine pistons raises the air gauge plate. In this case, the distribution piston opens the flow of fuel to the injectors. When the starter is engaged, the cold start valve simultaneously injects additional fuel into the supply system, provided that the engine is cold. Only after that the control unit "allows" injection. The maximum injection time depends on the temperature.
Warming up
In order for the engine to run evenly in the first minutes after starting, the idle speed control valve opens a channel that bypasses the throttle valve to allow additional air to flow. In this case, the pressure regulator allows more fuel to pass through the valves. Larger amounts of air and fuel provide increased RPM when warmed up with a richer mixture. As it warms up, the control valve blocks the air flow more and more. At the same time, the fuel supply is gradually reduced to normal. The pressure regulator reduces the amount of injected mixture.
For uniform idle speed and gradual acceleration when applying "gas" at low speeds, air bypasses each of the injectors into the combustion chamber. This provides a finer atomization of the fuel. Air passes through a pipe into the cylinder head and through a special air channel to the injectors. The idle speed control valve allows more air to bypass the throttle if the idle speed drops below the nominal value.
Normal mode, acceleration and full load
These modes do not require special devices. The plate in the air quantity meter is lowered or raised, depending on the amount of incoming air. Accordingly, the fuel supply to the injectors changes: more air - more fuel, less air - less fuel. The optimal mixture ratio is set automatically.
Fuel cut when coasting
This mode is activated when the car is descending a mountain while simultaneously releasing the pedal "gas".
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