Interaction of constituent elements
Starting: The vacuum created by the engine suction pistons lifts the check valve in the air mass meter. Due to this, the control piston allows the flow of fuel to the injection nozzles. During starter operation, the starting fuel valve supplies additional fuel to the intake system. The control unit allows such injection.
Engine warm-up phase: In order for the engine to run evenly in the first minutes after starting, the idle air control valve opens a passage through which the intake air can bypass the throttle.
Additionally, the pressure regulator lets in more fuel through the injectors. The increased intake of air and fuel allows a higher engine speed to be achieved during the warm-up phase of the engine. As the engine temperature rises, the control valve cuts off more and more air and the pressure regulator reduces the amount of fuel injected.
Idling: In order to achieve a uniform engine speed during idling in the lower speed range, air is drawn into the combustion chamber around each injection nozzle. Air flows to the injection nozzles through the connecting fitting and a special air channel. The RPM control valve allows more intake air to bypass the throttle plate if the RPM falls below the specified value.
Normal operation and acceleration of the vehicle does not require any special adaptations. The damper in the air mass meter rises or falls depending on the amount of air supplied. Accordingly, the flow of fuel to the injection nozzles changes: a lot of air - a lot of fuel, little air - little fuel. In this way, the most advantageous ratio for the combustion process is set quite automatically.
Full load: The throttle angle sensor with the accelerator pedal fully depressed signals to the control unit that maximum power is now required from the engine. Thus, the pressure regulator receives a command to supply the injection nozzles with a little more fuel than usual.
Over-idle Fuel Cut: The over-idle fuel cut-off feature cuts off fuel if the vehicle is going downhill without depressing the accelerator pedal.
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