Order of execution
1. Check slip rings. If they have scuffs, marks, scratches, wear marks from brushes, etc., the rings must be ground. If damage to the rings cannot be repaired with sandpaper, turn the rings on a lathe, removing the minimum layer of metal, and then sand.
2. Check the resistance of the rotor winding with an ohmmeter by connecting it to the slip rings. Winding resistance should be 2.8-3.0 ohms at 20°C.
3. Check with a test lamp if there is a winding short circuit to the rotor housing. Apply alternating current with a voltage of 220 V to one contact of the control lamp (you can use a rechargeable battery and a lamp for a voltage of 12 V). Connect the other contact of the lamp to the rotor housing. Connect the second wire from a 220 V alternating current source in turn to each slip ring. In both cases, the lamp should not light. If at least in one case the lamp is on, then a short circuit occurs and it is necessary to replace the rotor or winding.
4. Check out the stator. On its inner surface there should be no traces of rotor grabbing on the stator. Otherwise, replace the rotor shaft bearings or alternator covers.
5. Check if there is a short circuit of the stator windings to the housing. Apply alternating current with a voltage of 220 V to one contact of the control lamp (you can use a rechargeable battery and a lamp for a voltage of 12 V). Connect the other contact of the lamp to the output of the stator winding, and the second wire from the current source to the stator housing. In this case, the lamp should not light up. If the lamp is on, then there is a short circuit in the winding, therefore, it is necessary to replace the stator or winding.
6. Check for an open in the stator winding. Apply alternating current with a voltage of 220 V to one contact of the control lamp (you can use a rechargeable battery and a lamp for a voltage of 12 V). Connect the other contact of the lamp to the housing. The second wire from the current source is connected in turn to each terminal of the winding. In all three cases, the lamp should be on. If in at least one case the lamp does not light up, then there is a break in the winding and the stator or winding must be replaced.
7. Inspect the generator covers. If cracks are found, especially at the generator mounting points, the covers must be replaced.
8. Check the ease of rotation of the bearings. If during their rotation there is play between the rings, rolling or jamming of the rolling elements, such bearings must be replaced. It is also necessary to replace bearings with damaged protective rings or traces of lubricant leakage.
9. Check the ease of movement of the brushes in the brush holder. If the brushes are stuck or difficult to move, replace the brush holder assembly. The brush holder is also subject to replacement if the brushes have chips, cracks or other defects.
10. Check the protrusion of the brushes from the brush holder. If it is less than 5 mm, replace the brush holder.
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