An excessively tensioned belt stretches with a simultaneous rupture of the warp fibers. If the belt is loose, then it slips on the pulley, which leads to its excessive heating.
Alternator belt tension can be checked by pressing on the belt between both pulleys with your index finger. A correctly tensioned V-belt must bend as follows:
- A) cars with four-cylinder engines up to 9/91 g by about 10 mm;
- b) cars with a five-cylinder engine - about 5 mi;
- V) vehicles with diesel engines - approximately 5 mm.
After installing a new V-belt, it is recommended to check its tension and, if necessary, tighten it after a run of about 100 km, because new belts stretch more during the initial period of their operation.
When checking the tension of the ribbed belt on vehicles with four-cylinder engines manufactured from 10/91, the belt must be loosened and retensioned.
The tension of the alternator rivulet belt in vehicles with six-cylinder and diesel engines is automatic and therefore does not need to be adjusted.
V-belt / ribbed alternator belt
Cars with four-cylinder engines manufactured before 9/91
1. Loosen the clamping pin on the alternator tension bar (see illustration).
2. Turn the adjusting slotted nut in the desired direction until the V-belt is properly tensioned.
3. Tighten the clamping pin on the tension bar. If the alternator does not move when the belt is tensioned, then it is necessary to loosen the alternator mounting bolt on the bracket. Access to the mounting bolt is possible only after removing the alternator belt guard.
4. Tighten the alternator mounting bolt if it had to be loosened when the belt was tensioned.
Generator ribbed belt
Cars with four-cylinder engines manufactured from 10/91
5. Loosen the clamping pin on the alternator tension bar.
6. Loosen the alternator mounting bolt on the bracket and make sure the alternator moves easily.
7. Tighten the slotted belt tension nut with a 22mm socket for a torque wrench to a torque of 6 Nm.
8. Tighten the clamping pin on the tension bar.
9. Tighten the alternator mounting bolt.
Alternator V-Belt
Cars with five-cylinder engines
10. Loosen the clamping pin on the alternator tension bar (see illustration).
11. Turn the adjusting ring nut in the desired direction until the V-belt is properly tensioned.
12. Tighten the clamping pin on the tension bar. If the alternator does not move when the belt is tensioned, then it is necessary to loosen the alternator mounting bolt on the bracket. Access to the mounting bolt is possible only after removing the alternator belt guard.
Generator ribbed belt
Diesel engines and six-cylinder gasoline engines
The tension of the ribbed belt for vehicles with the indicated engines is provided by an automatic tension roller. No belt adjustment needed. If the tension roller spring breaks, the belt tensioner must be completely replaced.
Ribbed belt - replacement
Vehicles with six-cylinder engines
13. Remove the ribbed belt guard.
14. Loosen the tensioner bolt with a 15mm wrench and move the belt tensioner to the right. The tensioner on some models is tightened with a socket head bolt (see illustration).
15. Fix the tensioner by inserting a suitable drill or punch into the appropriate hole in the tensioner.
16. Mark with chalk or felt-tip pen the direction of rotation of the belt.
17. Remove the ribbed belt.
When installing the ribbed belt, first lay it on the drive pulleys and on the guide roller, and lastly on the tension roller.
18. Remove the drill or punch that locked the belt tension roller. To do this, slightly raise the tension mechanism.
19. Reinstall the ribbed belt guard.
Replacing the ribbed belt on vehicles with diesel engines is carried out identically (see illustration 6.0).
Access to the ribbed belt is possible both from above and from below. On some models, the belt tension roller may be covered with a cover. When replacing the ribbed belt, working from below the vehicle, the engine mudguard must be removed. Access to the ribbed belt is equally difficult in both cases.
When replacing the V-belt, in no case try to put it on the pulleys by force, while prying with a screwdriver. In this case, the rupture of the warp fibers is ensured and you yourself «programming» premature wear of the V-belt.
20. Loosen the tension of the belt to be replaced. Now the belt can be easily removed and also easily put on a new one.
21. Pull on the new V-belt. Tighten it up after driving about 100 km.
V-belt break
Ribbed belts can be used without replacement for the entire life of the car. With regard to V-belts, the breakage of any of the belts is not excluded.
In this case, the following happens:
- suddenly, while driving, the red battery charging control lamp lights up;
- the power steering starts to work hard and jerky;
- the air conditioner stops;
- The engine is overheating because the coolant pump has stopped.
Engine overheating due to damaged V-belt
If the power steering pump belt breaks on a 4-cylinder engine, the water pump will also remain undriven and the engine will overheat. As a result, the cylinder head gasket or the cylinder head itself may be damaged, requiring a very costly repair.
Therefore, if the steering suddenly becomes more difficult while driving, you should immediately stop the car and check the V-belt for driving the water pump and the power steering pump. If it is torn, sinks, then the car should be towed.
Breaking other V-belts does not lead to significant consequences. You can continue driving to the nearest workshop even without power steering (only on vehicles with a 5-cylinder engine), without generator (see movement with defective alternator), and without air conditioning.
On vehicles with a 5-cylinder engine, there is no danger of engine overheating, since the water pump is driven by a toothed belt. The same applies to the 6-cylinder engine.
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