Table of contents: Four-cylinder petrol engine ↓ Five-cylinder petrol engine ↓ Six-cylinder petrol engine ↓ Diesel engines ↓ Four and five-cylinder petrol engines ↓ Six-cylinder petrol engine ↓
When performing certain work on the engine, as well as to set the piston to TDC of cylinder No.1, the engine crankshaft must be set to the appropriate position or completely turned. The crankshaft can be turned in several ways.
method 1
Place the car with a manual transmission on a level surface and engage 5th gear. Push the car forward or backward.
2nd method
Four-cylinder petrol engine
1. Install a 22 mm socket wrench on the nut of the central bolt securing the alternator belt pulley and turn the engine with a V-belt.
If the V-belt slips, apply pressure to the V-belt with one hand on the section between its two pulleys to ensure better tension (see illustration).
Five-cylinder petrol engine
2. Place a 24 mm wrench on the nut of the central bolt of the generator belt pulley and turn the engine in the same way as a four-cylinder engine (see illustration).
Six-cylinder petrol engine
3. Insert a 12-point 24 mm socket wrench into the head of the center bolt securing the belt pulley to the crankshaft and turn the crankshaft using a ratchet or pry bar (see illustration).
Diesel engines
4. Place a 24 mm socket wrench with a ratchet on the nut of the central bolt securing the alternator belt pulley and turn the engine with a V-belt.
Caution: Do not attempt to turn the engine with the timing belt guard removed by the timing belt pinion mounting bolt. This may cause the timing belt to jump and cause engine damage.
In four-stroke engines, the piston reaches TDC twice during the four working strokes. This happens once when the fuel-air mixture is ignited, and the second time when the exhaust gases are released with the simultaneous intake of the fuel-air mixture. Usually, when performing adjustment work, TDC of the piston of cylinder No.1 is used.
Four and five-cylinder petrol engines
5. Remove the cover separating the breaker from the distributor, as well as the distributor rotor and protective cover.
6. Install the distributor rotor in place and turn the crankshaft until the rotor contact is positioned over the small notch on the distributor edge. This will be the TDC of the piston of cylinder No.1.
7. Make sure the piston is at TDC. If so, the "O" mark on the flywheel should extend halfway out from under the edge of the inspection hole on the gearbox housing. If necessary, move the crankshaft slightly forward or backward (see arrow in illustration).
Six-cylinder petrol engine
8. Remove the left and right parts of the timing belt guard, see the relevant chapter.
9. Turn the crankshaft until the larger diameter holes on the locking plates of both camshaft gears are facing the center of the engine (see arrow in illustration).
10. Make sure the piston is at TDC. If so, the "0" mark on the flywheel should extend halfway out from under the edge of the inspection hole on the gearbox housing. If necessary, move the crankshaft slightly forward or backward (see arrow in illustration 5.7). Another mark for the installation of the piston of cylinder No.1 of a six-cylinder gasoline engine is located on the V-belt pulley or on the lower protective cover of the toothed belt (see arrows in illustration 5.10).
11. Remove the cylinder head cover.
12. Turn the engine by hand until both front camshaft lobes point upward.
13. Make sure that the piston is set to TDC. If so, the "0" mark on the flywheel 1 should come out from under the reference mark 2 of the inspection hole on the gearbox housing (see illustrations).
