Main gear in section: The force is transmitted through drive gear 1, drive gear 2 to differential 3.
Main gear and axle shafts
Main gear: The main gear is located in the same crankcase along with the differential and the speed or automatic transmission. There are also four interlocking bevel gears in the crankcase, two of which are connected to the axle shafts.
Direct movement: Both front wheels rotate at the speed of the drive gear. The differential rotates at the same speed, the bevel gears do not rotate.
Curve movement: The wheel on the outside of the turn travels a longer distance than the inside wheel. Different wheel speeds must be compensated for, otherwise the car will jerk around corners and spin the front wheels. The bevel gears come into action: the faster rotation of the outer bevel gear, through both transmission bevel gears, acts on the bevel gear, which is located on the inside of the turn, and this gear begins to rotate more slowly.
Power transmission to the front wheels (from differential) occurs through two semiaxes (articulated shafts). In this case, two types of hinges are used: either a hinge of equal angular velocities, or a hinge «tripod». In the first case, when the hinge is bent, six balls move in specially ground raceways. In this case, at any angle of the shaft bend, uniform force transmission is ensured. in the hinge «tripod» instead of six balls, there are three rollers on needle bearings. These hinges reduce the transmission of vibrations from the drive to the body.
In an all-wheel drive vehicle the drive force from the engine is transmitted to the center differential, and from the differential to the front and rear axles. To drive the rear wheels in an all-wheel drive model, as in a rear-wheel drive car, there must be an additional cardan shaft, differential and rear axle shafts. The center differential automatically and purely mechanically regulates the distribution of power between the two axles. If the axles rotate at different speeds, then the differential locks itself. Maintenance of the center differential is not provided, it serves during the entire life of the vehicle.
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