Note: On models equipped with traction control, the ABS unit also controls the electronic differential lock (Electronic Differential Locking - EDL) and anti-slip system (Anti-Slip Regulaton - ASR).
1. The ABS system is installed on all vehicles as standard equipment. The system includes a hydraulic unit, an electronic control unit (BEU) and four wheel sensors. The hydraulic block contains eight solenoid hydraulic valves (two for each brake - intake and exhaust) and an electric return pump. The purpose of the system is to prevent blocking the rotation of the wheels during heavy braking. This is achieved by automatically releasing the corresponding wheel, after which the braking force is applied to the wheel again. If one of the rear wheels locks up, the braking force is removed and applied again to both wheels at the same time.
2. Solenoid valves are controlled by signals from the ECU, which, in turn, is controlled by signals from four wheel speed sensors. Magnetic wheel speed sensors are triggered by toothed drive rings mounted on the wheel hubs. By comparing these signals, the BEU can calculate the speed of rotation of the vehicle's wheels. If the speed of rotation of any wheel deviates from the speed of the car, processing the received signals, the system can predict the moment of blocking of the wheel that slows down its rotation. Under normal conditions, the system behaves in the same way as a system without ABS.
3. If the system expects a wheel to be blocked, it instructs the appropriate valve in the hydraulic block to isolate the corresponding wheel's brake from the master cylinder.
4. If the wheel speed continues to decrease relative to the speed of the other wheels, the ABS system pushes the brake fluid back into the master cylinder, reducing braking. When all four wheels slow down equally, the return pump will stop and all solenoid valves will open again, allowing the master cylinder to once again apply hydraulic pressure to the workers. This cycle may repeat several times per second.
5. The action of the electromagnetic riveted and return pump creates pulsations in the hydraulic system, they are transmitted to the brake pedal and the operation of the return pump can also be heard.
6. On models with a traction control system, the system also performs the functions of the EDL and ASR systems. If, during acceleration, the system receives a wheel slip signal, it applies braking force to that wheel through the hydraulic unit until it stops. until normal traffic is restored.
7. The operation of the ABS system is highly dependent on electrical signals. To prevent false signals from affecting the system, the built-in safety loop monitors all signals entering the BEU. If a false signal is received, or if the mains voltage is low, the system will automatically turn off, and the warning signal to turn off the ABS system lights up on the panel. At the same time, the normal mode of operation of the brake system is maintained.
8. Early models were equipped with the Bosch 5.0 system, with separate hydraulic and electronic units. Later systems are equipped with Bosch A8S 5.3 systems, which have a combined electronic-hydraulic unit.
9. If there is a malfunction in the systems. the car should be presented to the dealer for diagnosis and repair.
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