When the starter is turned on, current from the battery begins to flow through the winding of the starter traction relay. The relay armature pulls in and the relay contacts close. At the same time, the relay armature moves the overrunning clutch with the gear through the lever. The overrunning clutch hub also rotates the gear on the screw splines of the starter armature shaft, which facilitates its engagement with the flywheel ring gear. Through the closed contacts of the traction relay, a current flows, feeding the stator and armature windings, and the starter armature begins to rotate together with the hub and freewheel.
After starting the engine, the speed of the gear exceeds the speed of the starter armature. In this case, the overrunning clutch turns freely, and torque is not transmitted from the engine flywheel to the starter armature shaft. After releasing the ignition key, the power circuit of the windings of the traction relay opens through the ignition switch, the armature of the traction relay is pressed back to its original position by a spring, the relay contacts open and the drive gear disengages from the flywheel ring gear.
If the starter does not work in the key position «engine starting», the following reasons are possible:
- battery is defective;
- open circuit between the ignition switch, traction relay, battery and starter;
- faulty traction relay;
- mechanical or electrical defect of the starter.
Turn on the headlights to check the battery. If they dim after a few seconds, the battery is low. Recharge or replace the battery. If the headlights do not dim, turn on the starter and observe the light. If they dim, then voltage is supplied to the starter and the fault is in it. If the headlights keep burning bright (and there is no click of the starter traction relay), this indicates that there is a damage in the electrical circuit or the traction relay is faulty. If the starter turns slowly and the battery is in good condition, then this indicates that the starter is defective or there is significant resistance in the starter circuit.
If damage to the electrical circuit is suspected, disconnect the battery and clean all connections and contacts in the starter power circuit. Reconnect the battery and, using a voltmeter, check the voltage across the electrical circuit elements before the starter.
If the battery and electrical circuit are in good condition, remove the power wire from the traction relay and connect a voltmeter to it. Turn the ignition key to position "engine starting". This position should be at full battery voltage.
The traction relay contacts can be checked by connecting a voltmeter between the traction relay contact connected to the starter and ground. When the ignition key is turned to position «engine starting» The voltmeter should show voltage. In the absence of voltage, the solenoid of the traction relay is faulty or the contacts of the traction relay are burnt.
If the electrical circuit and the traction relay are working, then the starter is faulty.
Withdrawal
Remove the wire «masses» with battery.
Attention
- When the battery terminals are disconnected, the data on the recorded malfunctions are erased in the memory blocks of the control devices, therefore, before disconnecting the battery terminals, it is advisable to contact a specialized workshop to recall the malfunctions recorded in it from the memory. After connecting the battery terminal, it is necessary to activate and reprogram the power windows, as well as the position of the rear-view mirrors and seats.
- Also, if a radio with a code is installed in the car, then before disconnecting the terminals from the battery, check that you have the code to reactivate the receiver. Otherwise, it will be possible to put the radio receiver into operation only at a specialized station.
Place the vehicle over a viewing ditch or raise it on a lift.
V6 engines
Before removing the starter, remove the alternator.
1.8-I petrol engine/1.9-I-TDI diesel engine
Remove the lower mudguard of the engine compartment.
Unscrew the bolts and remove the tension mechanism of the V-ribbed belt of the air conditioning compressor drive (see fig. 14.23).
Remove poly V-belt.
Unscrew the air conditioning compressor and, without disconnecting the pipelines from it, move it to the side.
All engines
Unscrew the nut and disconnect the wire from terminal B+ 2 (pic. 14.24) starter.
Disconnect the electrical connector from terminal 50 of the traction relay.
Unscrew bolt 3 (pic. 14.24) attaching the starter rear support bracket to the engine block.
Unscrew and remove the starter wire holder 4 (pic. 14.24).
Unscrew bolts 1 and 2 (pic. 14.25) starter mounts.
Vehicles with automatic transmission
Remove the right front wheel. Unscrew bolt 1 from under the wheel arch (pic. 14.26).
From the side of the engine compartment, unscrew the nut 2 (pic. 14.26).
Moving down, remove the starter.
Installation
Install the starter from below and secure it with bolt 2 (pic. 14.25), tightening it with a torque of 65 Nm.
Install and screw the starter wire holder 4 (pic. 14.24).
Screw bolt 3 (pic. 14.24) attaching the starter rear support bracket to the engine block.
Connect an electric socket to the plug 50 of the traction relay.
Screw the wire to terminal B+ of the traction relay and tighten the nut to 16 Nm.
V6 engine
Install the generator. Install the V-ribbed belt and adjust its tension. Lower the car.
Connect wire «masses» to the battery.
If the car has a coded radio, reprogram it.
Set the time on the clock. Activate the power windows.
Pic. 14.22. Starter
1 - starter,
2 - traction relay,
3 - drive lever,
4 - drive side cover,
5 - overrunning clutch,
6 - anchor,
7 - brush holder,
8 - back cover with bearing.
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