The battery works because two different metals, being in an acidic solution, generate electricity.
The battery is 100% efficient at 27°C. At -18°C, the efficiency of the same battery drops to 40%. Now, in order to start the engine, it is necessary to have more than twice as much energy as was needed at 27°C.
starting power (starting amps) indicates the battery's ability to start the vehicle in very cold weather. It shows the number of amps that the battery produces for 30 seconds at -18°C without a voltage drop below 7.2 V (minimum level required for a reliable start). The higher this figure, the greater the starting power of the battery.
Standby power indicates the length of time in minutes that the battery provides 25A at 27°C. This factor is the amount of time the battery will keep all the accessories in the car running at night and in bad weather with a failed alternator.
In winter conditions at -18°C and below, the battery will be poorly charged due to an increase in internal resistance. For short trips in winter, the energy used by the battery to start is not compensated. As a result, the battery wears out, is constantly discharged and, in the end, fails.
During the summer months, after long trips, the engine becomes very hot and it often happens that it is difficult to start it again. Such "hot launches" sometimes require as much power as in cold weather, or more. This is especially true for large displacement high compression engines and air-conditioned vehicles. This once again highlights the importance of choosing the right battery for the vehicle's engine.
Vehicles are factory-equipped with a maintenance-free battery that requires no other maintenance other than keeping the case and terminals clean. To clean the terminals, disconnect them from the battery and clean with a wire brush. Heavily oxidized terminals should be treated with a solution of bicarbonate of soda applied with a toothbrush. In this case, the solution must not be allowed to enter the battery. Lubricate the terminals with petroleum jelly or an anti-corrosion compound before connecting the battery clamps.
When replacing the battery, only a modern battery model with a centralized gas outlet should be used.
If ventilation plugs are provided in the design of the battery pack, it is necessary to ensure that they are protected by a plastic cover from water splashes
The battery is located behind the partition of the engine compartment, under the windshield. The air grill must be removed to access the battery.
Withdrawal
Attention
- When the battery terminals are disconnected, the data on the recorded malfunctions are erased in the memory blocks of the control devices, therefore, before disconnecting the battery terminals, it is advisable to contact a specialized workshop to recall the malfunctions recorded in it from the memory. After connecting the battery terminal, it is necessary to activate and reprogram the power windows, as well as the position of the rear-view mirrors and seats.
- Also, if a radio with a code is installed in the car, then before disconnecting the terminals from the battery, check that you have the code to reactivate the receiver. Otherwise, it will be possible to put the radio receiver into operation only at a specialized station.
Switch off the ignition.
Open the hood.
Remove the air grill.
Loosen the bolt, remove the negative (-) terminal from the battery and move it to the side (pic. 14.7).
Loosen the bolt and remove the positive (+) battery terminal (see fig. 14.7).
Unscrew bolt 3 at the bottom of the battery (pic. 14.8) and remove the battery mounting plate 2 3.
Move the battery to the side, this will release the fastening of the second side of the battery, and remove the battery.
The battery has a sticker with warning symbols (see fig. 14.9).
Installation
Attention. When installing the battery, do not pinch the hose designed to remove gases released during battery operation. There is a valve in the exhaust pipe that protects the battery from backfire.
Install the battery.
Fix the battery with plate 2 (pic. 14.8) and screw on bolt 3, tightening it to 15 Nm. Check that the battery is securely fastened by trying to move it to the left or right, as otherwise the battery life may be significantly reduced.
Check that the hose designed to remove gases released during battery operation is not kinked.
Connect the positive terminal to the battery first, and then the negative terminal and secure them by tightening the fastening nuts to a torque of 6 Nm.
Attention. Before starting the engine for the first time, switch on the ignition for 10 seconds. As a result, the engine controller is activated.
If the car has a coded radio, reprogram it.
Set the time on the clock.
Activate the power windows:
1. Press the power window switch and lift the glass up until it stops.
2. Press the power window switch again and hold it in this position for at least one second.
Safety instructions
- When the engine is running, the battery must not be disconnected, otherwise the electronic devices of the electrical system will be damaged.
- Never directly short the battery terminals, this means a positive (+) and negative pole (-) cannot connect. If a short circuit occurs, the battery will become very hot and may burst or explode.
- Do not tilt the battery as electrolyte may spill out of the ventilation holes. If electrolyte gets into your eyes, immediately flush your eyes with clean water for several minutes. After that, contact your doctor immediately. If electrolyte comes into contact with skin or clothing, immediately neutralize the acid with alkaline soap and wash the affected area with plenty of clean water.
- The electrolyte is very aggressive. Wear protective gloves and goggles when servicing the battery.
- When batteries are charged, an explosive mixture of gases is released.
- When working with wires and electrical appliances, it is forbidden to use fire, sparking devices, open flammable light devices and smoking. Avoid sparking when handling wires and electrical devices.
- Before carrying out any work on the vehicle's electrical system, disconnect the negative cable from the battery. When replacing incandescent lamps, it is enough to turn off the corresponding switches.
- To protect the battery case from UV radiation, do not store the battery in direct daylight.
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