Starter with forced engagement and self-deactivation of the gear: 1 - holding winding, 2 - retracting winding, 3 - return spring, 4 - starting lever, 5 - buffer spring, 6 - roller freewheel, 7 - pinion, 8 - armature shaft, 9 - thrust ring, 10 - electrical connection, 11 - contact, 12 - contact jumper, 13-traction relay, 14 - collector bearing, 15 - collector, 16 - brush holder, 17 - pole piece, 18 - armature, 19 - pole housing, 20 - excitation winding
Starter with forced engagement and self-disengagement of the gear
When the ignition key is turned in the start direction, voltage is applied to the holding 1 and retracting 2 windings of the starter traction relay 13, which is located at the top of the starter.
Pushing the gear: The armature of the relay pulls the start lever 4. The start lever, through the guide rings and the buffer spring, pushes the driver with the gear 7 to the ring gear of the engine flywheel, due to which these parts begin to rotate. The armature 18 of the starter motor does not yet rotate, the main current for the field winding and the armature winding has not yet turned on. Only when the gear engages so much that the end of the stroke is reached, and the contact jumper in the traction relay begins to adhere to the relay contacts, does the starter motor turn on.
The movement of the gear along the helical thread: The stator armature that has come into rotation, due to the action of a steep thread, introduces the gear, which is held by the repulsion of the ring gear, even further into the gear ring until the gear hits the thrust ring 9 of the armature shaft 8. The retracting winding is short-circuited, the holding winding holds the relay armature in the retracted position until the end of the starting process. The engine starts to crank.
If the engine is running, the starter gear speed begins to exceed the idle speed of the starter motor. Roller freewheel 6 disconnects the connection with a power circuit between the gear and the armature shafts. The anchor is protected from picking up speed, the gear remains engaged. When the ignition switch and starter are turned off, the starting lever, leash and gear are moved to their original position under the action of the return spring 3. The gear remains in this position until the next start.
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