The brake fluid reservoir is located in the engine compartment, above the master brake cylinder. It supplies brake fluid to the entire system.
The brake booster on a gasoline engine accumulates part of the vacuum created in the engine intake pipe. When you press the brake pedal, the force on it is reduced due to the reinforcing action of the vacuum. Since the diesel engine does not have the necessary suction vacuum, diesel engine models have a special vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is mounted forward on the cylinder head and is driven by the camshaft.
The car has both front and rear disc brakes with a floating caliper caliper. With this design, one piston ensures that both brake pads are pressed against the brake disc.
Warning: When driving on wet roads, periodically depress the brake pedal to dry the disc brakes. Due to the centrifugal force that occurs during the movement of the car, water is discharged from the discs. However, a thin film of rubber wear, grease and dirt remains, preventing the brakes from working effectively.
Dirt and water on the surface of the brake pads lead to the formation of grooves on the surface of the brake discs, which reduces the braking performance.
When cleaning the brake system, dust is released that can be harmful to human health, so brake dust must not be inhaled.
ABS/ Brake Assist /EBV/EDS
Work on the electronically controlled elements of the braking and driving systems may only be carried out by suitably trained specialists.
ABS: The anti-lock braking system prevents the wheels from locking during sudden braking of the car. This helps to maintain control of the car during braking and increases traffic safety.
Emergency brake booster: The electronic booster system recognizes an emergency based on the speed of the brake pedal and the pressure on the pedal. In such a situation, the booster automatically increases the brake pressure set by the driver within milliseconds to the limit of wheel lock.
EBV: The electronic brake force distribution system uses ABS hydraulics to distribute the brake force between the front and rear wheels. Since the electronic EBV system is much more sensitive than a mechanically operated brake force regulator, a much larger control range is used.
When driving in a straight line, the rear brakes are involved in full force in the braking process. In order to ensure the stability of the vehicle also when braking when cornering, it is necessary to reduce the involvement of the rear brakes in the braking process. The EBV system receives information from the ABS speed sensors whether the vehicle is moving straight ahead or making a turn. When making a turn, braking by the rear brakes is reduced. Thanks to this, the rear wheels can maintain maximum lateral traction.
EDS: Electronically lockable differential, when starting off, slows down the spinning wheels. Due to this, the torque is redistributed to «pulling» wheels.
The electronic locking differential is active when starting off and is switched off automatically when the speed reaches 40 km/h. The advantages of this system are the absence of a negative impact on driving performance and the preservation of driving comfort when starting the car.
Notes on ABS/EBV/EDV systems
The safety circuit in the electronic control unit ensures that the system, in the presence of any defect (e.g. cable break) or if the operating voltage is too low (battery voltage below 10V) switched off by itself. This is indicated on the instrument panel by the ignition of control lamps. The normal braking system remains functional. When braking, the car behaves as if there is no ABS.
Caution: If the ABS and brake system warning lamps are lit while driving, the rear wheels will lock up during heavy braking. brake force distribution is out of order.
If the ABS warning light comes on while driving:
1. Stop the car, turn off the engine and start it again.
2. Check battery voltage. If the voltage is below 10.5V, charge the battery.
Caution: If the warning lamps come on at the beginning of the movement and go out after a while, this indicates that the battery voltage was initially too low at first. Then it rises due to the charging of the battery from the generator.
3. Check if the battery terminals are securely fastened and if there is a good contact.
4. Raise and place the car on stands, remove the wheels and check the electrical wires of the speed sensors for external damage (chafing places). A more thorough check of the ABS/EBV/EDV systems should be carried out in a workshop.
Caution: Before carrying out electric welding, it is necessary to disconnect the connector of the hydraulic control unit in the engine compartment. The connector is undocked when the ignition is off. When painting, the control unit can be briefly exposed to a temperature not exceeding +95°C and for a longer time (no more than 2 hours) temperature not higher than +85°С.
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