Air drawn in by the engine passes through a filter and is compressed by the turbocharger.
The engine control unit, based on the signals from the sensors, calculates the dose and timing of fuel injection and transmits commands to the appropriate actuators. In this case, the engine control unit is coordinated with other vehicle systems, for example, the gearbox control unit, air conditioning, etc.
The accelerator pedal position sensor is installed near the accelerator pedal. Information about the position of the accelerator pedal is transmitted to the control unit by a potentiometer. In this case, there is no accelerator cable.
An air flow meter with an integrated temperature sensor measures the mass of air entering the engine.
The speed sensor measures the speed of the crankshaft.
The needle lift sensor in the injector registers the moment of actual fuel injection and, depending on the load and speed, changes the moment of fuel injection.
The atmospheric air pressure sensor measures the air pressure and, based on its signal, the dose of injected fuel is limited.
Exhaust gas recirculation valve (AGR) Depending on the operating mode of the engine, it mixes a certain amount of exhaust gases with fresh air. As a result, the combustion temperature drops. The lower the combustion temperature, the less harmful substances are formed in the exhaust gas.
The clutch pedal switch is used to reduce shock when the clutch is engaged.
The foot brake switch, together with the brake light switch, limits the idling speed when the accelerator pedal is released and the vehicle is braked.
Based on the good cold start properties of the engine, the engine preheating system starts at -10°C.
Pic. 4C.5. Bosch High Pressure Fuel Pump
1 - booster pump,
2 - angle sensor,
3 - fuel pump control unit,
4 - high pressure pump with radial piston and exhaust valve,
5 - fuel injection advance clutch - solenoid valve,
6 - fuel outlet to the injectors.
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