If the sprockets are out of phase, the valves will touch the pistons as the crankshaft rotates.
Top dead center is the highest point reached by piston N1 during the compression stroke.
Order of execution
1. To set the N1 piston to TDC, remove the camshaft cover and drive belts. Remove the top timing belt cover. Unscrew the glow plugs.
2. Unscrew the plug of the inspection hole in the gearbox.
3. Align the marks by turning the crankshaft. Timing mark on flywheel (arrow) aligns with the projection on the gearbox housing.
4. Using special tools, block the camshaft.
5. Center the blocked camshaft using feeler gauges.
6. Block the fuel pump sprocket. Now, piston N1 is at TDC.
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