The gearbox is designed to convert the torque transmitted from the engine crankshaft in magnitude and direction. As a result, optimal speed and flotation of the car are ensured, as well as economical operation of the engine and reversing of the car. Also, the gearbox decouples the engine and transmission when the vehicle is stopped and parked, and when it coasts with the engine running.
The gearbox parts are housed in the crankcase, which is bolted to the rear of the engine.
Torque from the crankshaft of the engine through the clutch is transmitted to the input shaft of the gearbox. The output shaft of the gearbox transmits torque through the differential to the drive shafts. The gear is engaged by moving the synchronizer sliding clutch, as a result of which the gear is rigidly connected to the gearbox shaft.
Gearbox (automatic or conventional) can be removed without removing the engine. Removal of the gearbox is required when the clutch is to be replaced or the gearbox needs to be replaced or repaired. The gearbox is a precise and complex unit and its repair must be carried out at a service station, so the instructions for removing and installing the gearbox are given in the manual.
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