The cooling system is filled year-round with a mixture of water, antifreeze and anti-corrosion agent. This prevents rust and corrosion, salt deposits and, in addition, increases the boiling point of the coolant. Excessive pressure is created in the cooling system due to the expansion of the liquid during heating, which also leads to an increase in the boiling point of the coolant. The pressure is limited by a valve located in the cap of the expansion tank, which opens at pressure 1.4–2.0 atm.
For the perfect functioning of the cooling system, it is necessary to insure against the boiling of the coolant, which can form a vapor lock, as a result of which the circulation of the liquid is reduced and the engine cooling is impaired. The boiling point must be raised. To do this, the cooling system must always be filled with a mixture of water and the listed additives to it.
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