The purpose of supercharging is mainly to improve the filling of the cylinders with fresh air, which is necessary for the combustion of fuel, that is, to increase engine power. A mechanically driven compressor may be a means of achieving this goal, but such a compressor consumes some of the power. For this reason, a more popular solution is a turbocharger, this supercharger uses exhaust gases as energy to drive, which pass through the exhaust manifold at supersonic speed.
Basically, a turbocharger consists of two paddle wheels, which are located on a common shaft.
Gases pass through the turbocharger housing, here they spin the rotor (first wheel) up to 100000 rpm. The rotor through the shaft drives the second impeller (Working wheel). The impeller draws fresh air into the turbocharger housing and forces it into the combustion chambers.
In positive ignition engines, when turbocharging is used, due to the large amount of air supplied to the combustion chambers, the compression compared to a naturally aspirated engine must be reduced so that the engine does not tend to knock at full speed. As a result, the efficiency is reduced.
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